Septic and sewers are facilities to manage water and waste substances through pipes and a tank which are installed underground. This will greatly help in maintaining and handling residential and commercial waste disposal properly and economically for the benefit of the environment and public health
The septic system is an efficient wastewater treatment. Septic is constructed in two parts: septic tank and drainfield. The tank is built using concrete or fiberglass material to make it an impermeable container. It is composed of two compartments. Water and household waste from homes passed through the sewer pipe and reaches the septic tank. Household rubbish, water, body waste and substances are treated on site. Inside the tank, the wastes form into three layers. The scum or any light substance floats on the top layer. The clear water stays in the middle, while the sludge or heavy particles settle at the bottom. The middle layer which consists of purely liquid or clear water goes into the drainfield. The drainfield or also known as leachfield is the disposal ground of cleared water. A perforated pipe drips out the water out to the gravel until as it reaches the soil, these serves as organic filters.
Sewer serves as a sewage transporter from houses and commercial establishments through pipes going to centralize treatment facilities. There are three types of sewer systems:
· Effluent Sewer or Solids-Free-Sewer (SFS) has septic tanks that collect sewage from household and businesses. The solid wastes stay inside the tank and only wastewater comes out and goes to the centralized sewage treatment.
· Simplified Sewer or conventional sewerage is a sanitary sewer that collects household waste. It is consist of small diameter of pipes.
· Vacuum Sewer is ideal for communities in low areas. It uses various pressures to pump the liquid to the central vacuum station.
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